骗子到处都在使用操纵战术和蛇油从你口袋里骗钱。这些骗局大多并不特别复杂，《消费者报告》能够将其分解为三种主要策略。

我们都听说过骗局，从祖父母身份盗窃骗局到捐赠骗局等经典骗局，如果你只是注意一下，似乎很容易避免。然而，他们继续工作是因为他们利用了三个激励因素：恐惧、贪婪和慷慨。尽管如此，《消费者报告》（C***umerReports）还是查看了数百盘骗子推销交易的录音带，发现了一套常见的策略。以下是消费者报告：

• Creating a connection. A scammer’s first task is to gain your trust so you will not question his motivati***. Scammers look for hot-button issues they can use to create a connection. They’ll ask benign questi*** about your health, your family, your political views, or your hobbies...
• Establishing credibility. Scammers use lots of techniques to make themselves look legit. They may claim to be from a real business or organization—say, the Internal Revenue Service if they’re pushing the IRS scam, or a government agency purporting to award you a grant. They may “spoof” a real phone number to fool your Caller ID or hand over a fake business card....
• Playing on your emoti***. Scammers leverage your emoti*** to get you to make a quick decision before you have time to think. The lottery scam preys on the desire to get rich quickly and easily, the grandparent scam plays on the natural instinct to help a relative who’s supposedly in trouble, and the natural disaster scam exploits our generosity for people in need.

当然，这不仅仅是愚蠢的，容易避免的骗局。上面列出的策略在销售界很常见，从阴暗的软件到咄咄逼人的销售人员。不管怎样，这都是一个很好的小清单，如果你觉得自己陷入了一个骗局中，就值得在心里反复检查一下。有关详细信息，请访问“消费者报告”。

骗局学|通过消费主义的消费者报告

布莱恩·罗森格兰特摄。