中心粒(centriole)和中心體(centrosome)的區別
中心體和中心體都是真核細胞的組成部分，儘管它們在結構和功能上存在差異，但它們仍能適應多種不同的細胞功能。這兩種成分的結構單位是微管。微管由稱為微管蛋白的蛋白質亞單位組成，微管蛋白本質上是酸性的。它們是細胞骨架的重要組成部分，參與細胞器的細胞內運輸、細胞遷移和有絲分裂過程中染色體的分離。中心體與中心體的主要區別在於，中心體被認為是一種細胞器，而中心體不是一種細胞器。本文較詳細地討論了中心體與中心體的區別。
什麼是中心粒(centriole)？
Centriole is a key feature of eukaryotic cells and also found in most protists. However, plant and fungi cells lack centrioles. A centriole is made up of 9 triplets of microtubules arranging to form a cylindrical structure. A centriole is about 500 nm long and 200 nm in diameter. Centrioles are replicated during the S phase of cell cycle. Moreover, they form the basal body of flagella and cilia, which are important for the locomotion of cells. However, the structure of the centriole which makes the basal body is quite different; the wall is formed from nine sets microtubules with each set containing 2 microtubules, and two microtubules in the middle (9+2 arrangement).
什麼是中心體(centrosome)？
Centrosome is an organelle found in the cytopla** and located usually close to the nucleus. An amorphous mass of protein called pericentriolar material (PCM) is found around the centrosomes and is resp***ible for the nucleation of microtubule and anchoring. It is made up of two centrioles oriented at right angles to each other. The centrioles are replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle. During the ***et of mitosis, two daughter centrioles start to move apart while forming the filaments of microtubules called mitotic spindle, which segregates the chromosomes into two sets. Surprisingly, recent studies found that centrosomes are not required for the progression of mitosis. The other important roles of centrosome include the formation of the cytoskeleton and releasing the signals to initiate the cytokinesis and cell cycle. It is found that cancer cells often have more than a normal number of centrosomes.
什麼是中心體與中心體的區別(the difference centriole and centrosome)？
中心粒和中心體的定義
中心粒：中心粒是動物細胞中靠近細胞核的一對微小的圓柱形細胞器中的每一個，參與細胞分裂過程中梭形纖維的發育。
中心體：中心體可以定義為靠近細胞核的一種細胞器，其中含有中心粒（在動物細胞中）。
中心粒和中心體的特徵
結構
中心粒：中心粒由9個微管組成，排列成圓柱形結構。
中心體：中心體由兩個彼此成直角的中心粒組成。
功能
中心粒：功能包括鞭毛和纖毛的基本體的形成，以及中心體的形成。
中心體：功能包括有絲分裂過程中紡錘體的形成、細胞骨架的形成以及釋放啟動胞質分裂和細胞週期的信號。
Image Courtesy: “Centriole-en” by Kelvinsong – Own work. (CC BY 3.0) via Wikimedia Comm*** “Centrosome (borderless version)-en” by Kelvinsong – Own work. (CC BY 3.0) via Comm***
