到目前為止，大多數人對雲端計算的概念已經非常熟悉了，但是被稱為霧計算的新概念呢？今天的問答文章將介紹這個新概念以及它與雲端計算的區別。

今天的問答環節是由SuperUser提供的，SuperUser是Stack Exchange的一個分支，是一個由社群驅動的問答網站分組。

圖片由紙牆提供。

問題

超級使用者讀者user1306322想知道什麼是霧計算：

I am reading a work on Cloud services and it touches briefly on “Fog Computing” as an example of a possible future development branch of software-hardware infrastructure, but does not specify what it is exactly or any of its benefits.

Wikipedia has a few words about “Fog Computing” on its Edge Computing page. I suppose it could mean that processing is distributed unevenly between a set of devices, but it is somehow different from concentrating all processing on a central data server (Cloud Computing) or end-user devices (Edge Computing), but I am not sure.

So what exactly is “Fog Computing”?

什麼是“霧計算”，它與“雲端計算”有何不同？

答案

超級使用者貢獻者Dan D.為我們提供了第一個答案：

Quoted from Cisco.com (By Dan D.):

Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The distinguishing Fog characteristics are its proximity to end-users, its dense geographical distribution, and its support for mobility. Services are hosted at the network edge or even end devices such as set-top-boxes or access points. By doing so, Fog reduces service latency, and improves QoS, resulting in superior user-experience. Fog Computing supports emerging Internet of Everything (IoE) applicati*** that demand real-time/predictable latency (industrial automation, transportation, networks of sensors and actuators). Thanks to its wide geographical distribution the Fog paradigm is well positioned for real time big data and real time ****ytics. Fog supports densely distributed data collection points, hence adding a fourth axis to the often mentioned Big Data dimensi*** (volume, variety, and velocity).

Unlike traditional data centers, Fog devices are geographically distributed over heterogeneous platforms, spanning multiple management domains. Cisco is interested in innovative proposals that facilitate service mobility across platforms, and technologies that preserve end-user and content security and privacy across domains.

Fog provides unique advantages for services across several verticals such as IT, entertainment, advertising, personal computing etc. Cisco is specially interested in proposals that focus on Fog Computing scenarios related to Internet of Everything (IoE), Sensor Networks, Data Analytics and other data intensive services to dem***trate the advantages of such a new paradigm, to evaluate the trade-offs in both experimental and production deployments and to address potential research problems for those deployments.

根據Dan D.從Cisco分享/引用的內容，我們還需要從我們所做的快速研究中補充一點：

注意：您可以透過我們在下面為每個部分提供的連結閱讀完整的文章/帖子。

Quoted from a PCWorld article about “Fog Computing”:

The so-called IoT (Internet of Things) encompasses a range of Internet-capable devices that could be almost limitless: Thermometers, electric meters, brake assemblies, blood pressure gauges and almost anything else that can be monitored or measured. The one thing they have in common is that they’re spread out around the world.

There can be huge amounts of data coming out of these devices. For example, a jet engine may produce 10TB of data about its performance and condition in just 30 minutes, according to Cisco. It’s often a waste of time and bandwidth to ship all the data from IoT devices into a cloud and then tran**it the cloud’s resp***es back out to the edge, said Guido Jouret, vice president and general manager of Cisco’s Internet of Things Business Unit. Instead, some of the cloud’s work should take place in the routers themselves, specifically industrial-strength Cisco routers built to work in the field, he said.

“This is all about location,” Jouret said. Using local instead of cloud computing has implicati*** for performance, security and new ways of taking advantage of IoT, he said.

Quoted from the definition/explanation at WhatIs.com:

Fog computing, also known as fogging, is a model in which data, processing and applicati*** are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than existing almost entirely in the cloud.

That concentration means that data can be processed locally in **art devices rather than being sent to the cloud for processing. Fog computing is one approach to dealing with the demands of the ever-increasing number of Internet-connected devices sometimes referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT).

In the IoT scenario, a thing is any natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and provided with the ability to transfer data over a network. Some such things can create a lot of data. Cisco provides the example of a jet engine, which they say can create 10 terabytes (TB) of data about its performance and condition in a half-hour. Tran**itting all that data to the cloud and tran**itting resp***e data back puts a great deal of demand on bandwidth, requires a c***iderable amount of time and can suffer from latency. In a fog computing environment, much of the processing would take place in a router, rather than having to be tran**itted.

如您所見，“霧計算”側重於透過使用本地化的資源來減輕常規雲服務的部分工作量，以便為使用者提供更快、更平滑、更精簡的體驗。你對“霧計算”有什麼看法？你認為它會像雲端計算一樣流行和有用嗎？或者你會把它歸類為一種沒有未來的“營銷時尚”？

有什麼要補充的解釋嗎？在評論中發出聲音。想從其他精通技術的Stack Exchange使用者那裡瞭解更多答案嗎？在這裡檢視完整的討論主題。