到目前为止，大多数人对云计算的概念已经非常熟悉了，但是被称为雾计算的新概念呢？今天的问答文章将介绍这个新概念以及它与云计算的区别。

今天的问答环节是由SuperUser提供的，SuperUser是Stack Exchange的一个分支，是一个由社区驱动的问答网站分组。

图片由纸墙提供。

问题

超级用户读者user1306322想知道什么是雾计算：

I am reading a work on Cloud services and it touches briefly on “Fog Computing” as an example of a possible future development branch of software-hardware infrastructure, but does not specify what it is exactly or any of its benefits.

Wikipedia has a few words about “Fog Computing” on its Edge Computing page. I suppose it could mean that processing is distributed unevenly between a set of devices, but it is somehow different from concentrating all processing on a central data server (Cloud Computing) or end-user devices (Edge Computing), but I am not sure.

So what exactly is “Fog Computing”?

什么是“雾计算”，它与“云计算”有何不同？

答案

超级用户贡献者Dan D.为我们提供了第一个答案：

Quoted from Cisco.com (By Dan D.):

Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The distinguishing Fog characteristics are its proximity to end-users, its dense geographical distribution, and its support for mobility. Services are hosted at the network edge or even end devices such as set-top-boxes or access points. By doing so, Fog reduces service latency, and improves QoS, resulting in superior user-experience. Fog Computing supports emerging Internet of Everything (IoE) applicati*** that demand real-time/predictable latency (industrial automation, transportation, networks of sensors and actuators). Thanks to its wide geographical distribution the Fog paradigm is well positioned for real time big data and real time ****ytics. Fog supports densely distributed data collection points, hence adding a fourth axis to the often mentioned Big Data dimensi*** (volume, variety, and velocity).

Unlike traditional data centers, Fog devices are geographically distributed over heterogeneous platforms, spanning multiple management domains. Cisco is interested in innovative proposals that facilitate service mobility across platforms, and technologies that preserve end-user and content security and privacy across domains.

Fog provides unique advantages for services across several verticals such as IT, entertainment, advertising, personal computing etc. Cisco is specially interested in proposals that focus on Fog Computing scenarios related to Internet of Everything (IoE), Sensor Networks, Data Analytics and other data intensive services to dem***trate the advantages of such a new paradigm, to evaluate the trade-offs in both experimental and production deployments and to address potential research problems for those deployments.

根据Dan D.从Cisco分享/引用的内容，我们还需要从我们所做的快速研究中补充一点：

注意：您可以通过我们在下面为每个部分提供的链接阅读完整的文章/帖子。

Quoted from a PCWorld article about “Fog Computing”:

The so-called IoT (Internet of Things) encompasses a range of Internet-capable devices that could be almost limitless: Thermometers, electric meters, brake assemblies, blood pressure gauges and almost anything else that can be monitored or measured. The one thing they have in common is that they’re spread out around the world.

There can be huge amounts of data coming out of these devices. For example, a jet engine may produce 10TB of data about its performance and condition in just 30 minutes, according to Cisco. It’s often a waste of time and bandwidth to ship all the data from IoT devices into a cloud and then tran**it the cloud’s resp***es back out to the edge, said Guido Jouret, vice president and general manager of Cisco’s Internet of Things Business Unit. Instead, some of the cloud’s work should take place in the routers themselves, specifically industrial-strength Cisco routers built to work in the field, he said.

“This is all about location,” Jouret said. Using local instead of cloud computing has implicati*** for performance, security and new ways of taking advantage of IoT, he said.

Quoted from the definition/explanation at WhatIs.com:

Fog computing, also known as fogging, is a model in which data, processing and applicati*** are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than existing almost entirely in the cloud.

That concentration means that data can be processed locally in **art devices rather than being sent to the cloud for processing. Fog computing is one approach to dealing with the demands of the ever-increasing number of Internet-connected devices sometimes referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT).

In the IoT scenario, a thing is any natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and provided with the ability to transfer data over a network. Some such things can create a lot of data. Cisco provides the example of a jet engine, which they say can create 10 terabytes (TB) of data about its performance and condition in a half-hour. Tran**itting all that data to the cloud and tran**itting resp***e data back puts a great deal of demand on bandwidth, requires a c***iderable amount of time and can suffer from latency. In a fog computing environment, much of the processing would take place in a router, rather than having to be tran**itted.

如您所见，“雾计算”侧重于通过使用本地化的资源来减轻常规云服务的部分工作量，以便为用户提供更快、更平滑、更精简的体验。你对“雾计算”有什么看法？你认为它会像云计算一样流行和有用吗？或者你会把它归类为一种没有未来的“营销时尚”？

有什么要补充的解释吗？在评论中发出声音。想从其他精通技术的Stack Exchange用户那里了解更多答案吗？在这里查看完整的讨论主题。