幾年前，Macs已經轉向了英特爾處理器，但在PC上執行OS X仍然是一個巨大的難題。請繼續閱讀，我們將探討在PC框架上安裝蘋果作業系統的技術障礙。

今天的問答環節是由SuperUser提供的，SuperUser是Stack Exchange的一個分支，是一個由社群驅動的問答網站分組。

問題

超級使用者讀者Braiam想知道阻礙普通計算機使用者在其PC上安裝OS X的技術障礙有哪些：

Lets forget about the EULA and any other legal regulation. I’m not interested in those.

Everyone knows that until recently, OS X (or Mac OS) could only be run on PowerPC-based Macs, but that changed when Apple started using Intel’s CPUs, and opened up the possibility of installing OS X on PCs. Again lets forget about legalese, I’m going for factual and technical references. After the switch, users started experimenting until it was possible to install and run OS X on a PC.

Does anyone know why OS X wouldn’t work on a normal person’s PC? Is it some piece of hardware that is custom made or tailored for OS X that only Mac computers have? Or is it  just Apple making computer users’ lives difficult on a technical level?

在PC機上執行OSX真的像在硬體上看起來那樣複雜嗎？或者Mac電腦和PC機之間的區別比大多數人認為的更小（更簡單）？

答案

超級使用者貢獻者Journeyman Geek為我們提供了答案：

Oddly enough? Apple systems check for a specific chip and refuse to run or install without it. This is called the system management controller, and in effect is a glorified fan controller amongst other things. Practically speaking, this is the reason, outside of some other specific things that might be different – such as video card firmware for video cards and OS X specific drivers for various things (sound cards come to mind) that you can’t ‘just’ boot a vanilla copy of OS X right on your beige box pc. Of course, this isn’t that hard to get around, which is why your average OS X hosted VM host can run OS X VMs, and there are Hackintosh distros floating around.

Most Hackintosh install methods these days use variati*** of boot132, a bootloader that was provided when Apple was transitioning from PPC to Intel with some modificati***. The original bootloader was open source, and built with some changes for Darwin. As an aside, there have been some attempts to repackage Darwin as an open source OS.

Apple supports a limited range of hardware you know will work. Otherwise, you’re going to have to scrounge up tested hardware or hack hardware into working. This is what makes running OS X on commodity hardware difficult. The SMC is relatively trivial to get around. Getting your unsupported sound chip (nothing like having your mic stuck at maximum volume on a laptop to ruin your day), video adaptor, and other hardware is the tricky part. If you have an AMD processor, for example, the stock kernel will take one look at it and panic like a mouse ran up its pants. In many cases, the solution ends up being building a new kernel, with patches off Darwin source (which is FOSS) and using that.

In short, the big problem isn’t the magic chip, it is OS X needing to play nice with the entire system.

正如您所看到的，儘管在PC上安裝並執行OSX可能並不容易，但它是可行的。有興趣建立自己的駭客電腦？那麼請務必閱讀我們的精彩指南：

駭客操作指南-第1部分：基礎知識

駭客技術指南-第2部分：安裝

駭客操作指南-第3部分：升級到Lion和雙引導

有什麼要補充的解釋嗎？在評論中發出聲音。想從其他精通技術的Stack Exchange使用者那裡瞭解更多答案嗎？在這裡檢視完整的討論主題。