一方面，本周我们花了太多时间讨论一个人是否应该失去社交媒体账户的访问权。另一方面，这是一个问题，它阐明了导致我开始这篇时事通讯的一些核心紧张局势。社交媒体如何被用来**危害？科技公司能否有效控制最差的用户？还有，Twitter的交易到底是什么？

威尔·奥雷姆斯（Will Oremus）试图回答后一个问题，他报道了推特上的人们对亚历克斯·琼斯（Alex Jones）的看法。他提供了一些关于该公司在信息战上陷于瘫痪、相互矛盾的立场的理论。首先，推特倾向于对几乎所有事情都不采取行动；其次，它害怕被保守派或国会称为党派。还有一种可能性是Twitter将禁止Jones，并仍在最终确定其公开的理由。

最后，奥雷莫斯得出结论，有可能是目前关于琼斯的一场大的内部斗争尚未解决。这是我自己的理论，这里有一些证据证明这是真的。昨天，我请该公司对奥利弗·达西（Oliver Darcy）的谴责报告发表评论，该报告显示，与推特的公开声明相反，琼斯一再违反推特规则。这家公司告诉我一份声明即将发布，但从未发布过。当一家公司仍在试图弄清自己的立场时，就会发生这种情况。

与此同时，在《****》上，凯文·鲁斯（Kevin Roose）详细介绍了马克·扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）是如何决定禁止琼斯加入Facebook的。

Mr. Zuckerberg, an engineer by training and temperament, has always preferred narrow process decisi*** to broad, subjective judgments. His evaluation of Infowars took the form of a series of technical policy questi***. They included whether the mass-reporting of Infowars posts c***tituted coordinated “brigading,” a tactic common in online haras**ent campaigns. Executives also debated whether Mr. Jones should receive a “strike” for each post containing hate speech (which would lead to removing his pages as well as the individual posts) or a single, collective strike (which would remove the posts, but leave his pages up).

Late Sunday, Apple — which has often tried to stake out moral high ground on contentious debates — removed Infowars podcasts from iTunes. After seeing the news, Mr. Zuckerberg sent a note to his team confirming his own decision: the strikes against Infowars and Mr. Jones would count individually, and the pages would come down. The announcement arrived at 3 a.m. Pacific time.

很多注意力都集中在Facebook是如何在苹果做了同样的事情之后才通过禁令向前推进的。对我来说，上一段同样值得注意：它表明，当公司将他踢出平台时，它已经在为这样做建立理由。这说明了我周二说过的一句话：所有平台似乎都在独立地走向同一个结论，在这一过程中加强了彼此的决策。

这让我想起了查理·沃泽尔在本月早些时候提出的一点：

A few months ago, during the rapid fallout of Facebook’s Cambridge Analytica scandal, a **art person mentioned to me the first rule of crisis PR. The idea is to quickly figure out what the ultimate end game of a disaster will be, and then cut all the bullshit and just jump straight to doing whatever uncomfortable thing you’ll inevitably have to do under duress days, weeks, or months later. I’ve been thinking a lot about that maxim the past two weeks as the platforms make declarati*** about Infowars as a legitimate publisher, followed by some hedging, then a bit of backtracking, some light finger-wagging, a short timeout, and finally an ominous suggestion that the publisher is on thin ice. All the statements, interviews, and bad press seems to be careening toward a particular outcome for Facebook, YouTube, and Infowars, and it seems as if everyone but the platforms knows it.

Facebook和YouTube现在已经一路追逐“特殊结果”——禁止琼斯——而Twitter仍在考虑游戏的结局。我怀疑该公司最终会达到与同行相同的水平。唯一的问题是，在此期间，它将承受多大的自我伤害。

民主

拥有大量美国用户的Facebook页面需要更多授权

在莫斯科运行“我们爱德克萨斯”Facebook页面将变得更加困难：

The new measures will require administrators of Facebook pages to secure their account with two-factor authentication and confirm their primary home location.

Facebook will also add a section that shows the primary country from where a page is being managed.

以下是俄罗斯推特巨魔对夏洛茨维尔的反应

本周末是夏洛茨维尔致命的右翼联军**的周年纪念日。彼得·奥尔德豪斯（Peter Aldhous）研究了俄罗斯巨魔是如何试图在推特上激化冲突的。除其他事项外，他们大力推广“Antifa”一词的用法，这一词随后流行起来。

By the summer of 2017, the Left Trolls were mostly a spent force. But that’s when nearly 130 Right Trolls, which posed as Trump supporters, had their big surge, their output rising to more than 10,000 tweets a day until suddenly dropping away after Aug. 18 — presumably when Twitter banned many of the accounts.

Alt有多大？在我徒劳的求数中

有时被称为“另类右翼”的白人民族主义运动（在社交媒体上随处可见）是否受到过多关注？Emma Grey Ellis试图统计其成员人数：

In Charlottesville, the best estimates put rally participant numbers between 500 and 600 people. For context, that’s five times as big as any far-right rally in the last decade, but is still only a tiny fraction of what you’d expect from their (inflated) digital footprint.

It’s also two hundred times **aller than 2017’s March for Science, and a thousand times **aller than 2017’s Women’s March. All signs point to an even lower turnout for Unite the Right in DC.

孟加拉国的学生正在删除他们关于**的帖子，因为他们害怕报复

孟加拉国的社交媒体镇压就是****审查的实际情况，以防有人怀疑：

Students who had been part of the dem***trati*** told BuzzFeed News they were terrified of arrest following the protests and were deleting any messages of support they’d posted online, while a photojournalist who was badly injured covering the dem***trati*** described the situation as chaos and said anyone with a camera had become a target.

Much of this fear rests on a loosely worded law passed in Bangladesh 12 years ago — widely referred to as Section 57 — that allows for the prosecution of anyone posting material online that the authorities determine could “deprave and corrupt” its audience, cause a “deterioration in law and order,” or prejudice “the image of the state or a person.”

在别处

这个故事背后的故事为Facebook**了一场政治噩梦

Gawker Media前编辑约翰·库克（John Cook）对2016年Gizmodo的报道发表了一篇奇怪的“辩护”，声称Facebook“经常压制保守新闻”。在这篇文章中，他承认该报道是以一种激进的阴谋方式策划的，目的是吸引Drudge Report受众的注意力——以及随之而来的点击。它证实了（而不是揭穿）这个故事是以一种误导性的方式被构思出来的，以至于引起了保守派的最大愤怒，尽管事实上保守派新闻来源继续比平台上的任何其他意识形态吸引更多的参与。

约书亚·本顿（Joshua Benton）在推特上发布的关于Gizmodo故事如何适得其反的帖子说，这一切比我所能做的要好：

2018年7月Facebook上最活跃的出版商

虽然我们曾经讨论过“压制保守派言论”的话题，但下面是Newswip的月度报告：

Fox News retained its top position, with 38.6 million engagements, and increased its lead over second-placed CNN.

Facebook仍在致力于让人们上网，它宣布了连通性

据Rich Nieva报道，Facebook的宽带和基础设施项目已被重组为Facebook连接。以下是项目负责人亚尔·马奎尔（Yael Maguire）关于停止建造互联网飞机Aquila的决定所说的话，Aquila在其**航中坠毁。

“I don’t think of it as a retreat,” Maguire said when asked about the decision. “If I wear the ‘I’m an engineer’ hat and I love to focus on the things that I build, yeah, maybe it’s a little disappointing what’s happening in the market. But if I take a step back as the person who’s focused on these efforts … it’s fantastic what’s happening globally with companies like Airbus and others who are focused on this as a potential market.”

Facebook今天将关闭好友列表订阅源

好友列表是同事、同学等发帖的自动反馈，现在由于没有用处而消失了。

地方新闻危机正在摧毁一个分裂的美国迫切需要的东西：共同点

玛格丽特·沙利文（Margaret Sullivan）提供了相关数据，讨论了记者是否可以领导对错误信息的指控：在过去十年中，报纸编辑部的就业人数下降了近50%。

Facebook的David Marcus从Coinbase董事会辞职

David Marcus是加密货币交易所Coinbase的董事会成员；最近他接管了Facebook的区块链工作，潜在的冲突导致他退出Coinbase。

HQ琐事在比赛前播放第一个传统广告

一直以来盈利缓慢的总部本周终于开始播放广告。

发射

欧莱雅通过虚拟化妆测试增加了Facebook的销量

AR已经非常擅长的一件事是向人们展示他们的妆容。欧莱雅今年收购了一家AR公司，并计划在Instagram上推出可购买的化妆品过滤器。

拿

推特对亚历克斯·琼斯的看法是错误的：事实不足以对抗阴谋论

我的同事劳拉·哈德森（Laura Hudson）研究了记者可以通过以事实对抗阴谋论来有效地控制推特的观点。这件作品非常尖锐，相当令人沮丧！

A growing body of research has dem***trated that the distorted light of modern media does not always lead to illumination. In a 2015 paper, MIT professor of political science Adam Berinsky found that rather than debunking rumors or c***piracy theories, presenting people with facts or correcti*** sometimes entrenched those ideas further.

Another study by Dartmouth researchers found that “if people counter-argue unwelcome information vigorously enough, they may end up with ‘more attitudinally congruent information in mind than before the debate,’ which in turn leads them to report opini*** that are more extreme than they otherwise would have had.”

A 2014 study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics similarly found that public information campaigns about the absence of scientific evidence for a link between auti** and vaccinati*** actually “decreased intent to vaccinate among parents who had the least favorable vaccine attitudes.” When people feel condescended to by the media or told that they are simply rubes being manipulated — even by expert political manipulators — they are more likely to embrace those beliefs even more strongly.

平台、言论和真相：政策、警务和不可能的选择

以下是杰克·多尔西（Jack Dorsey）批准的迈克·马斯尼克（Mike Masnick）关于推特应该如何处理亚历克斯·琼斯（Alex Jones）的问题的评论，禁止是绝对的最后手段。他认为，给人们更多的工具来控制他们看到的东西(对位：平台已经做到了！仇恨言论无论如何都在以病毒方式传播，并带来致命的后果。）

As for me, I still go back to the solution I’ve been discussing for years: we need to move to a world of protocols instead of platforms, in which transparency rules and (importantly) control is passed down away from the centralized service to the end users. Facebook should open itself up so that end users can decide what content they can see for themselves, rather than making all the decisi*** in Menlo Park. Ideally, Facebook (and others) should open up so that third party tools can provide their own experiences – and then each person could choose the service or filtering setup that they want. People who want to suck in the firehose, including all the garbage, could do so. Others could choose other filters or other experiences. Move the power down to the ends of the network, which is what the internet was supposed to be good at in the first place. If the giant platforms won’t do that, then people should build more open compe*****s that will (hell, those should be built anyway).

But, if they were to do that, it lets them get rid of this impossible to solve question of who gets to use their platforms, and moves the control and resp***ibility out to the end points. I expect that many users would quickly discover that the full firehose is unusable, and would seek alternatives that fit with how they wanted to use the platform. And, yes, that might mean some awful people create filter bubbles of n***ense and hatred, but average people could avoid those cesspools while at the same time those tasked with monitoring those kinds of idiots and their behavior could still do so.

机器人与巨魔：人工智能如何清理社交媒体

Christopher Mims说是时候用机器人与机器人作战了：

While some attempts to detect social-media accounts of malicious actors rely on content or language filters that terrorists and disinformers have proved capable of confusing, Mr. Alvari’s algorithm looks for accounts that spread content further and faster than expected. Since this is the goal of terrorist recruiters and propagandists alike, the method could be on the front lines of algorithmic filtering across social networks. Humans still need to make the final determination, to avoid false positives.

Algorithms could also be used to identify and disrupt social-media echo chambers, where people increasingly communicate with and witness the behavior of people who align with their own social and political views. The key would be showing users a deliberately more diverse assortment of content.

记者如何不报道网络阴谋论

惠特尼·菲利普斯（Whitney Phillips）对报道卡农（QAnon）和其他疯狂阴谋骗局的记者提出了一些警告：

The final question reporters must ask themselves stems from the fact that journalists aren’t just part of the game of media manipulation. They’re the trophy. C***equently, before they publish a word, journalists must seriously c***ider what role they’ll end up playing in the narrative, and whose work they’ll end up doing as a result.

In the context of the QAnon story, participants’ efforts to pressure, even outright harass, reporters into engaging with the story has been widely interpreted as proof of how seriously participants take the story, and therefore as proof of how worried we all should be.

自动存档或不自动存档，Twitter版

MG Siegler探讨了推特是否应该像Instagram新闻那样自动存档的问题(我认为这应该是一种选择。）

Still, it feels like having some optionality here with regard to the longevity of public tweets is the right call. I’m fine with leaving the default as “public forever” but maybe some tweets just make more sense for a moment in time… Or maybe some accounts would be happier letting tweets live for a certain amount of time by default. This isn’t an easy thing to think through, so I don’t envy Twitter on this topic.

最后。。。

见见廷德的桂冠诗人

在打火机上一点运气都没有？你考虑过写十四行诗吗？德鲁，一位住在佛罗里达州的20多岁的教育家，正是这样做的，他用诗来吸引他的比赛，诗中也有一些讽刺诗，写出了他最喜欢的打火诗，如《送**》和《想粉碎》。一篇关于他工作的Reddit帖子现在是有史以来投票率最高的帖子之一。

One poem actually led to a long-term thing. “I had a six-month relati***hip start from anonymous poetry shenanigans on Yik Yak as well as more than my fair share of Tinder dates from spontaneous sonnets written to order.”

嗯，我知道我这个周末要做什么。

跟我说

给我发送提示、问题、评论、周末计划：[email protected].