编程说明：该界面将在感恩节旅行的剩余时间关闭。感谢所有第一年加入我的人，并与你的朋友分享了时事通讯-很多令人兴奋的事情即将到来。敬请期待。

在美国，感恩节就要到了，美国人会坐下来吃饭，对他们的社交媒体账户感到前所未有的不确定。这条消息来自Axios，他曾对3622名成年人进行了调查，询问社交媒体是否对民主和****有更多的帮助或伤害。这是第二年的民意调查，调查发现社交媒体的情绪急剧下降。莎拉·菲舍尔和艾莉森·斯奈德报道：

In the past year, there has been a 15-point spike in the number of people who fear the federal government won’t do enough to regulate big tech companies — with 55% now sharing this concern.

In that same period, there was a 14-point increase in those who feel technology has hurt democracy and free speech.

作者指出，从今年起，对社交媒体的蔑视是一种完全跨党派的现象。无论是对“审查制度”的愤怒还是其他更合法的东西，共和党人现在认为社交媒体比民主党人更不利于民主和****。

与此同时，认为社交媒体对社会有积极作用的人数下降到40%。如果你认为社交网络是共和国的福音，那么你现在正式成为少数。除其他事项外，该调查显示，尽管在政策和沟通团队中进行了巨额投资，但这些网络在为自己辩护方面做得很糟糕。

人们之所以对社交媒体持谨慎态度，有很多重要原因，作为这篇时事通讯的读者，你可能会滔滔不绝地说出六个或更多。但也有一些小的原因，我想在假日周末之前指出其中的一个。

几年前，受猫鼬和潜望镜早期成功的启发，Facebook在实时视频方面进行了巨额投资。这并没有多大意义，但Facebook Live上的工程师和产品人员仍在继续修补该产品。

Facebook员工通常每季度根据一些可量化的指标进行评估，而在Facebook，这些指标中的许多都以某种形式的参与为导向——例如，发送的消息数量。以前的员工向我抱怨说，这个周期倾向于奖励那些可以完全快速地榨取相关指标、给老板留下深刻印象并赚取奖金的项目，不管这些项目的内在优点是什么。

正是在这样的背景下，我读到了Ryan Mac的一篇文章，讲述了一个新的Facebook Live Engament boosting功能，一个视频流记录了芝加哥一家医院发生的大规模枪击事件，引起了惊恐的旁观者的注意：

On Monday, a handful of Facebook users noticed that the social media platform was offering them preset resp***es for live videos about a series of news stories. On one stream for MSNBC about an ongoing, officer-involved shooting at a Chicago hospital, NBCUniversal contractor Stephanie Haberman noticed Facebook was prompting her to comment with phrases like “this is so sad” and “so sorry,” along with emojis including the prayer hands.

哈伯曼挖苦地称这一功能为“一个思想和祈祷的自动回复者”，这句话引起了2000多名喜欢她的推特的人的共鸣。正如Mac所指出的，自动回复程序最近风靡一时，最近在Gmail内部实现。

他们也在Facebook的网站上出现了更多的内容——点击Instagram上的文章发表评论，该应用程序现在会建议你发送一个表情符号。当你为某人自制的早午餐的照片发送红心时，这很好，但当Facebook自吹自擂的人工智能工具正在预测你对大屠杀的反应时，这令人不安。

该公司关闭了测试。”很明显，这并没有得到正确的实现，我们现在已经禁用了这个功能，”它告诉Mac。但这不同于说它根本就不应该被实施——或者不会再被实施。

在社交网络研究Axios调查报告中的情绪时，不妨问问这样的参与诱饵是如何破坏人们使用其产品时的良好感觉的。自动应答器的想法和祈祷几天后就会被遗忘。但关于这些服务在我们生活中扮演什么角色的潜在疑问将挥之不去。

推回

周一，我观察了Facebook通信和政策团队的非受迫性错误是如何表明其战时CEO需要重新思考的。我从内部人士那里听到消息，他们让我知道，虽然像亚历克斯·斯塔莫斯、安德鲁·博斯沃思和亚当·莫塞里这样的高管可能在沟通团队之前就已经接受了推特，但最终通信部门整合了一个协调的推特工作，将他们置于中心位置。人们在会议室讨论他们的推特账户。有展示台！

我也在推特上听到一些聪明人读到我的帖子，认为Facebook的问题主要是因为糟糕的公关策略。我不这么认为，我应该在星期一说得更清楚。我想说的是，不管Facebook有什么更深层次的问题，谢丽尔·桑德伯格、埃利奥特·施拉格和乔尔·卡普兰倡导的偏执、愤世嫉俗的公关风格已经导致了大量偏执、愤世嫉俗的报道。Definers丑闻只是最新的例子。

民主

谷歌已经删除了更多的外国虚假信息页面

David McCabe报道，谷歌悄悄地更新了8月份的一篇博客文章，称其发现了更多不真实的、由国家赞助的账户——大部分来自伊朗：

The company removed an additional Blogger site, 34 YouTube channels and six pages on Google+ related to “Iran-linked operati***.” The YouTube channels had 20,794 total views in the United States on English-language videos.

机器人在2016年选举期间传播了大量的虚假信息。但他们也可以揭穿它。

Daniel Funke报道了一项新的研究，该研究试图分析推特机器人在2018年选举期间传播错误信息的有效性：

According to a study published in the journal Nature Communicati*** today, automated Twitter accounts disproportionately amplified misinformation during the last U.S. election. It found that, while bots only accounted for about 6 percent of the Twitter users in the study, they were resp***ible for 34 percent of all shares of articles from “low-credibility” sources on the platform.

“This study finds that bots significantly contribute to the spread of misinformation online — as well as shows how quickly these messages can spread,“ said Filippo Menczer, a professor of informatics and computer science at Indiana University and the study’s lead, in a press release sent to Poynter.

俄罗斯巨魔起诉他们的旧宣传机器Facebook

俄罗斯联邦新闻机构斯宾塞·阿克曼（Spencer Ackerman）将其称为更著名的互联网研究机构巨魔农场（troll farm）的“孪生兄弟”，该机构正在起诉Facebook，要求以第一修正案的名义恢复其账户。巨魔会变成巨魔！

The Russian outlet insisted it’s merely “an independent, authentic and legitimate news agency.” And it made an argument likely to discomfort Facebook and attract support from the far right: it’s a free speech martyr unfairly victimized by the 21st century discourse’s digital gatekeepers.

“Facebook took action against FAN in an effort to silence and deter FAN’s free speech,” it argued in its brief.

假新闻的罪魁祸首是福克斯，而不是Facebook

亨利·法雷尔（Henry Farrell）采访了约猜·本克勒（Yochai Benkler），他与他的同事罗布·法里斯（Rob Faris）和哈尔·罗伯特（Hal Robert）一起出版了新书《网络宣传：美国政治中的操纵、虚假信息和激进化》。该书发现福克斯新闻在美国生活中扮演着一个独特的有毒角色：

BENKLER: Surveys make it clear that Fox News is by far the most influential outlet on the American right — more than five times as many Trump supporters reported using Fox News as their primary news outlet than those who named Facebook. And Trump support was highest among demographics whose social media use was lowest.

Our data repeatedly show Fox as the tran**ission vector of widespread c***piracy theories. The original Seth Rich c***piracy did not take off when initially propagated in July 2016 by fringe and pro-Russia sites, but only a year later, as Fox News revived it when James Comey was fired. The Clinton pedophilia libel that resulted in Pizzagate was started by a Fox online report, repeated across the Fox TV schedule, and provided the prime source of validation across the right-wing media ecosystem.

如果你讨厌媒体，你更可能被虚假的标题所愚弄

我一直说，那些花很多时间批评“媒体”的人，结果证明他们是容易被攻击的。Joshua Benton报道了一项支持这一思路的新研究：

Don’t like the media? Think it’s all “lies” or “fake”? Then you’re probably not as good at reading the news as your less perpetually annoyed peers.

That’s one finding from a new study from the News Co/Lab at Arizona State, in collaboration with the Center for Media Engagement at the University of Texas. Those who have negative opini*** of the news media are less likely to spot a fake headline, less likely to differentiate between news and opinion — but more confident in their ability to find the information they need online.

中国如何隔离互联网

Raymond Zhong报道了中国如何不负众望，创建了一个非常受欢迎和成功的互联网，同时也将其转变为一个大规模的监控系统，以压制异见：

If people in the West didn’t see this coming, it was because they mistook China’s authoritariani** for hostility toward technology.

But in some ways Chinese tech firms are less fettered than American ones. Witness the backlash against Big Data in the United States, the calls to break up giants like Facebook and the anxiety about digital addiction. None of those are big problems for Chinese companies.

在别处

Facebook和Instagram在美国各地的一些用户中都处于劣势

周二，Facebook发生了本月第二次重大故障：

Facebook is experiencing a rare outage that is making the popular social network site — along with Facebook Messenger and Instagram — unavailable to users across the United States as well as parts of Europe and South America, according to third-party site Down Detector’s outage map.

Facebook的广告系统在黑色星期五前几天出现故障

据Gerrit De Vynck和Sarah Frier报道，Facebook的广告购买系统周二也出现了一次时间不恰当的停机：

The technology, which companies and agencies use to buy Facebook ads, was down for some major users earlier in the day on Tuesday, according to a media buyer and another person familiar with the situation. The system is now back up but working slower than normal, the people said.

“Campaigns that are live and running should not be affected and are still being delivered. However, advertisers may experience issues creating new campaigns and making changes to existing campaigns,” a spoke**an for Facebook said in email.

很多人正在下载他们的Facebook数据，这导致了延迟

删除他们帐户的前奏？

“Over the past two weeks we’ve experienced a higher volume of Download Your Information requests than usual,” a Facebook spokesperson told Recode when we noticed a few complaints that download requests seemed to be taking a long time. “This means it is taking longer to process the requests. We are working on it and appreciate people’s patience.”

亚马逊、苹果和Facebook曾经是市场的领头羊。现在他们正在把它往下推。

马特·菲利普斯（Matt Phillips）报告称，几个月来，大型科技公司的股票表现不佳：

Shares of Google’s parent company, Alphabet, are down more than 10 percent since the market peaked, while Facebook and Amazon have dropped more than 20 percent.

Investors’ faith has been eroded by slowing growth and a trade war with China, as well as a steady stream of revelati*** about privacy lapses, security issues and mi**anagement. If tech stocks cannot shake the fears, the rest of the market could feel the pain.

Snap的明镜高悬于华尔街的担忧之上（美元）

昨天我无意中遗漏了汤姆·多坦的经典之作，在这部经典之作中，Snap的首席执行官无视董事会成员，到处乘坐私人飞机，因为他的公司股价暴跌，高管们纷纷涌向出口(他认为自己是谁——和平时期的首席执行官？）

Benchmark partner Mitch Lasky, a Snap director until August, on occasion would challenge CEO Evan Spiegel about the company’s failure to meet Wall Street expectati*** for user growth and profits. Mr. Spiegel, who spends most board meetings looking at his phone and messaging people on Snapchat, was di**issive of Mr. Lasky’s concerns, according to people with knowledge of the board discussi***

在切达车上以350美元的价格抢购两个摄像头的新眼镜

但是，嘿，Snap即将推出一些新眼镜，Alex Heath报道：

Snap is planning to release a new version of its Spectacles glasses with two cameras and a higher price point of $350 by the end of the year, Cheddar has learned.

The new Spectacles, internally codenamed Newport, will feature an all-new design with a more premium frame made of aluminum and cameras capable of producing augmented reality effects in videos, according to people familiar with the matter. With a $350 price point, the new glasses will be more than double the cost of the first iteration of Spectacles, which were released in 2016.

装作黑人的白人Instagram影响者说：“我的风格是我自己的”

Libby Torres调查了一组模仿黑人风格的Instagram影响者的文化挪用行为：

Hallberg is merely one of many white or white-passing women on Instagram who’ve gained attention in recent weeks for their controversial styling that mimics the skin tone, hair, and aesthetic of many black women, and their unwillingness to be transparent about their non-black heritage—a practice dubbed “blackfishing” on social media. Most of these white women have significant Instagram followings, and most of them feel immune to critici**s of cultural appropriation—at least until a controversial Twitter thread called them out last week.

在Instagram上，在（性别）行之间查看

Jenna Wortham报道说，社交媒体对非二进制的人来说是一个福音：

Her research found that social media is a gathering place for discussing the logistics of gender — providing advice, reassurance and emotional support, as well as soliciting feedback about everything from voice modulation to hairstyles. The internet is a place where nonbinary people can learn about mixing masculine and feminine elements to the point of obscuring concrete identification as either. As one person she interviewed put it, “Every day someone can’t tell what I am is a good day.”

Tumblr因儿童色情问题被苹果应用商店删除

伊克斯：

Tumblr says that child ****ography was the reason for its app’s sudden disappearance from the iOS App Store. The app has been missing from the store since November 16th, but until now the reason for its absence was unclear — initially Tumblr simply said it was “working to resolve the issue with the iOS app.” However, after Download.com approached Tumblr with sources claiming that the reason was related to the discovery of child ****ography on the service, the Yahoo-owned social media network issued a new statement confirming the matter.

Klumping：在你的病毒式视频中扮演每一个角色的艺术

Brian Feldman列举了在几秒钟内播放多个身份的做法，这种做法在Vine和现在的TikTok等短格式视频应用程序中很常见：

Perhaps the most important thing that Klumping does is it provides a level of intimacy and authenticity that multi-actor Vines do not. As Viners blew up, they started appearing in each others Vines — Logan Paul would hang out with King Bach who’d hang out with Lele P*** and so on and so forth, cross-pollinating in a way that felt like naked self-promotion, a digital circle-jerk.

Those who Klump, on the other hand, were afforded authority because of how low-effort their vines look. It signals that “this is just for fun” and feels spontaneous, and it has faith in the viewer to figure out who is who.

发射

Facebook推出“花时间”仪表板

Instagram发布一周后、发布15周后，以及苹果和谷歌在系统级仪表板关卡上关闭Instagram的几个月后，Facebook终于推出了它的功能来帮助你监控应用程序中的时间。

YouTube现在在视频上运行弹出窗口，警告用户欧盟版权提案

以下是YouTube利用其巨大平台对抗第13条的最直接的例子。摘自Julia Alexander：

If you watch YouTube videos without a YouTube Premium subscription, you’re familiar with the tiny pop-ups that appear in the bottom left-hand corner of the stream that prompt users to sign up for YouTube’s ad-free service.

It seems that YouTube has replaced that pop-up with a new message that warns users about the European Union’s proposed copyright directive. It also offers an explainer on one particular act known as Article 13. The pop-up brings YouTube viewers to the company’s standalone website detailing the possible effect of Article 13, which puts the onus on YouTube to prevent copyrighted material from appearing on the platform.

拿

《信息战》中的亚历克斯·琼斯和伏地魔有什么共同点

Alex Jones案让Zeynep Tufekci对平台的力量感到紧张：

If the unaccountable manner in which the tech platforms can amplify harmful content has led to a crisis, so has the facility with which they can eject it. Jones delivered eyeballs for many years. Then the platforms succumbed to pressure and banned him, all within the span of a few weeks.

The tech platforms have arbitrary power to decide what to amplify, and thus what to bury, and they have the power to banish as they wish. There is nothing aside from backlash to stop them from deplatforming, say, tech critics or politicians who call for shutting tax loopholes for massive corporati***. Without due process or accountability, a frustrated public is left with appealing to a few powerful referees—and crossing our fingers.

里程碑

多亏了你，昨天我们的订户数量超过了6000人，我们的开放率保持稳定，最后三个分别达到46%、44%和44%。请继续思考我如何使界面在您的生活中更有用——无论是帮助您在工作中保持信息灵通，还是作为世界公民，还是两者的结合。

最后。。。

LinkedIn发布了自己的Snapchat故事：“学生之声”

真的，今天是一个幸运的日子，因为乔希·康斯特尼带来了LinkedIn故事的消息。LinkedIn的想法完全没有任何意义，我邀请你在闲暇时思考以下问题，并在感恩节晚餐时与家人讨论：

A LinkedIn spokesperson tells us the motive behind the feature is to get students sharing their academic experiences like internships, career fairs and class projects that they’d want to show off to recruiters as part of their personal brand. “It’s a great way for students to build out their profile and have this authentic content that shows who they are and what their academic and professional experiences have been. Having these videos live on their profile can help students grow their network, prepare for life after graduation, and help potential employers learn more about them,” Patel says.

我有时会说LinkedIn就是Facebook，但在慢动作中，社交简历网站上短暂的视频故事更像是Facebook，只是喝醉了。

跟我说

给我发送提示、问题、评论和您最喜欢的感恩节配菜：[email protected].