战争后期，形势对德国人不利。苏联红军正在收复领土，他们将德国人击退。当红军开往波兰时，纳粹需要隐藏他们的罪行。

乱葬坑被挖出，尸体被焚烧。营地被疏散。文件被销毁。

从集中营带走的囚犯被送往所谓的“死亡游行”（Todesmärsche）。其中一些团体被游行数百英里。囚犯们几乎得不到食物和住所。任何落后或试图逃跑的囚犯都被枪杀。

疏散

到1944年7月，苏联军队已经到达波兰边境。

尽管纳粹曾试图销毁证据，但在Majdanek（波兰边境卢布林郊外的一个集中和灭绝营地），苏联军队几乎完好无损地占领了该营地。波兰-苏联纳粹犯罪调查委员会几乎立即成立。

红军继续穿越波兰。纳粹开始从东向西撤离并摧毁他们的集中营。

第一次大规模的死亡游行是从华沙Gesia街（Majdanek营地的附属营地）的一个营地疏散了大约3600名囚犯。为了到达库特诺，这些囚犯被迫行军80多英里。大约2600人幸存下来，见到了库特诺。那些还活着的囚犯被塞进了火车，在火车上又有数百人死亡。最初的3600名游行者中，不到2000人在12天后到达达豪。

在路上

当囚犯被疏散时，他们没有被告知要去哪里。许多人想知道他们是否要到野外去射击。现在尝试逃跑会更好吗？他们要走多远？

党卫军把囚犯分成几排，通常是五排，然后排成一个大纵队。卫兵们在长柱的外侧，一些在前面，一些在侧面，一些在后面。

该纵队被迫行军——通常是在奔跑中。对于那些已经挨饿、虚弱和生病的囚犯来说，行军是一个令人难以置信的负担。一个小时过去了。他们继续前进。又过了一个小时。游行继续进行。由于一些囚犯无法继续行军，他们将落后。纵队后方的党卫军会射杀任何停下来休息或倒下的人。

埃利·维塞尔重新计票

I was putting one foot in front of the other mechanically. I was dragging with me this skeletal body which weighed so much. If only I could have got rid of it! In spite of my efforts not to think about it, I could feel myself as two entities — my body and me. I hated it. (Elie Wiesel)

游行队伍在偏僻的道路上和城镇中俘虏。

伊莎贝拉·莱特纳记得

I have a curious, unreal feeling. One of almost being part of the grayish dusk of the town. But again, of course, you will not find a single German who lived in Prauschnitz who ever saw a single one of us. Still, we were there, hungry, in rags, our eyes screaming for food. And no one heard us. We ate the smell of smoked meats reaching our nostrils, blowing our way from the various shops. Please, our eyes screamed, give us the bone your dog has finished gnawing. Help us live. You wear coats and gloves just like human beings do. Aren't you human beings? What is underneath your coats? (Isabella Leitner)

在大屠杀中幸存

许多疏散发生在冬季。1945年1月18日，66000名囚犯从奥斯威辛集中营撤离。1945年1月底，45 000名囚犯从斯图特霍夫及其附属营地撤离。

在寒冷和大雪中，这些囚犯被迫行军。在某些情况下，囚犯游行很长时间，然后被装载到火车或船只上。

elie wiesel，大屠杀幸存者

We were given no food. We lived on snow; it took the place of bread. The days were like nights, and the nights left the dregs of their darkness in our souls. The train was traveling slowly, often stopping for several hours and then setting off again. It never ceased snowing. All through these days and nights we stayed crouching, one on top of the other, never speaking a word. We were no more than frozen bodies. Our eyes closed, we waited merely for the next stop, so that we could unload our dead. (Elie Wiesel)