在英语语法中，分部词是一个词或短语（如“some of”或“a slice of”），表示某事物的一部分或数量与整体不同。分部词也称为“分部名词”或“分部名词短语”，来自拉丁语“partitus”，意思是“与一个部分有关”

分部词既可以出现在数量名词之前，也可以出现在数量名词之前。虽然大多数部分结构指的是数量或数量，但也有一些用来表示质量或行为（“那种……的老师”）。

实例和意见

在以下示例以及后续章节中，各部分以斜体列出。

"You must have been warned against letting the golden hours slip by. Yes, but some of them are golden only because we let them slip."

–J.M.Barrie，“勇气”，1922年5月3日在圣安德鲁大学发表的校长演讲

"Computers make it easier to do a lot of things, but most of the things they make it easier to do, don't need to be done."

-安迪·鲁尼，“60分钟”

"Now Murrell's eyes followed an ant on a blade of grass, up the blade and down, many times in the single moment."

-尤多拉·韦尔蒂，《静默的一刻》，尤多拉·韦尔蒂的故事集。哈考特，1980年

"Soap gumdrops, soap cigars, soap pickles, soap chocolates, and even a bar of soap that dyed its user an indelible blue made life exciting for the friends of a Johnson Smith addict."

–Jean Shepherd，“一把无花果牛顿”，兰登书屋，1981年

"Not a part of the rock or a speck of moss or a streak of some other mineral, it was one of those stubborn bits of green felted cardboard that these rocks were always fixed on inside of the boxes."

–Sharon Fiffer，“埋藏的东西”，米诺陶尔图书，2010年

"It doesn’t matter if you’re a high school kid on your bike, or if you’re an egghead like me with a boatload of degrees. Anybody can be a birder."

–2014年，本·金斯利在《鸟人万有指南》中饰演劳伦斯·康拉德

"I am not just some here-today-gone-tomorrow sort of person who blows hot and cold like a feather in the windblown about by air. Oh no. Believe me, my love for you is, was and always will be true and oh-so-real."

–Dawn French，《亲爱的胖子》中的“亲爱的大卫·卡西迪”，箭头图书，2009年

带计数名词和非计数名词的分部词

"Count nouns that can act as the first element in such a structure (e.g. piece, bit, sort, etc.) are partitive nouns or partitives. Some words that form the second part of the construction take specific partitives (also called unit nouns) "Partitives are useful because they provide a means of counting uncount nouns."

——西尔维亚·查克和埃德蒙·韦纳，《牛津英语语法词典》。牛津大学出版社，1994年

带有位置和时间名词的分部词

"Partitives are found with nouns of location (the end of the street, the back of the house etc.) and time (the end of the day, the middle of the week, the beginning of the month). These partitives of location and time are almost always found with the frame the + partitive + of the + noun."

——戴夫·威利斯，《规则》，《模式与词汇：英语教学中的语法与词汇》，剑桥大学出版社，2003年

 "One day toward the end of the month the wind veered around to the southwest again and clouds moved in, bringing with them a heavy downpour."

–约翰·汉森·米切尔，“生活在时间的尽头：在一所小房子里生活两年”，新英格兰大学出版社，2014年

食物和液体的添加剂

"Some partitives, such as gallon/liter of, can be applied to any head noun that is a liquid, and partitives such as ton/gram/pound of can be used to quantify anything that is appropriately measured by weight. Similarly, partitives such as a bottle of can be applied to different types of liquids that come in this container (e.g., beer, wine, catsup, milk). In contrast, partitives used to quantify food are more restricted. Portions of baked goods such as cake, pie, pizza, and bread are measured by slices, and only bread is quantified by the partitive count noun loaf. Certain types of vegetables (e.g., cauliflower, cabbage, lettuce) are quantified by head." 

–Ron Cowan，《英语教师语法：课程手册和参考指南》，剑桥大学出版社，2008年

"The pub is very smart and popular with foreigners, who can order Leopold Bloom's lunch—a gorgonzola sandwich and a glass of burgundy—for about fifteen dollars during the summer high season."

–Bill Barich，“一品脱素色：爱尔兰酒吧的传统、变化和命运”，布鲁姆斯伯里，2010年

分部词的功能

"Partitive expressions collocate strongly with particular noncount nouns: "Partitive expressions commonly refer to the shape, size, movement or the amount of something: "There's a whole ... Some partitive expressions with -ful refer to containers or spaces which commonly hold the item referred to. These include bowlful of, cupful of, fistful of, handful of, mouthful of, spoonful of: He gave me a The plural of such expressions is usually formed by adding -s after -ful."

–罗纳德·卡特和迈克尔·麦卡锡，《剑桥英语语法》，剑桥大学出版社，2006年