网络中立性原则是所有形式的互联网数据在传输方面应得到平等对待。许多人认为网络中立是互联网运作的一个关键原则,一些国家的政府机构认为这是一个政策目标。在美国实施这一原则的尝试已经引起了关于特定机构监管互联网提供商的法律权威的争议。
网络中立性的基础是,互联网提供商(如有线电视公司)不应优先考虑任何一组数据。这可以涵盖数据的格式,如在线视频或网页;传输手段,如对等文件共享或新闻组;以及内容本身,例如足球新闻网站或专辑的音频文件。在大多数情况下,即使是最热心的网络中立倡导者也同意,该原则并不凌驾于与内容含义相关的法律问题之上;例如,在一个儿童色情网站是非法的国家,阻止访问该网站不会被视为违反原则。
网络中立性的大多数定义都与内容有关,而不是与最终用户有关。该原则允许公司限制用户接收数据的总量或速度,并为支付不同费率的用户提供不同的限制和速度。如果只对特定类型的内容设定限制,将被视为违反了这一原则。
网络中立的拥护者认为,互联网应该是一个“哑巴管道”,不区分不同的数据。他们认为,这让每个人都有平等的机会听到自己的声音,让最好的内容获得最大的受众。网络中立的批评者认为,这一概念意味着大型互联网内容制作者(如在线视频集团)没有为向用户提供内容支付公平的成本份额。
在Comcast被发现故意减慢通过点对点消息发送的数据后,美国网络中立的法律地位受到质疑。联邦通信委员会裁定,尽管可以通过降低特定客户的所有流量来管理网络需求,但以这种方式针对特定类型的内容违反了网络中立性。FCC认为,政府的政策是以这种方式强制执行网络中立性。
康卡斯特随后提出上诉,法院裁定,根据现行法律,FCC无权执行此类政策。这项裁决与网络中立原则本身无关,而是FCC对互联网公司的监管权力。截至2010年,FCC、国会和互联网行业代表正在就这一问题进行辩论,旨在澄清监管立场。
...,在一份声明中说: KT’s decision goes against the principle of network neutrality, under which c***umers can use services without discrimination. Moreover, we need to verify whether **art TVs actually cause excessive data traffic. KT的行为似乎引起了韩国通讯委员会的愤怒...
...lly interfere with the technical operation of Verizon's wireless broadband network and have a wide-ranging and significant impact on Verizon's business and operati***. Among other things, the proposal would prevent Verizon from engaging in reasonable network management practices designed to address ...
...ting SOPA or PIPA. Instead, Netflix has engaged on other issues including network neutrality, bandwidth caps, usage based billing and reforming the Video Privacy Protection Act."
...#13; [<a href="//storify.com/richmcc/john-legere-net-neutrality" mce_href="//storify.com/richmcc/john-legere-net-neutrality" target="_blank"><a class='**n-auto-link' href="http://www.theverge.com/products/view/1158" mce_href="http://www.theverge.com/pr...
... clear, experience in other countries shows that over-regulation decreases network investment. If the U.S. ends up with permanent regulati*** inflicting Title II's 1930s-era rules on broadband Internet access, the same thing will happen in the U.S. and investment in broadband networks will go down.&...
...age messaging service. Netflix, which has forcefully advocated for carrier neutrality, has discriminated against BlackBerry customers by refusing to make its streaming movie service available to them." 我们被人跟踪了吗? ***对中立的自由重新定义等同于两个截然不同...
...k上所说的话: Comcast no longer following net neutrality principles. Comcast should apply caps equally, or not at all. I spent the weekend enjoying four good internet video apps on my Xbox: Netflix, HBO GO, Xfinity, and Hulu. When I watch video on my Xbox ...
...ule has caused them to cut back on investments to upgrade and expand their networks. 布什的立场不会受到网络中立支持者和那些主张开放互联网的人的欢迎。他还明确表示,这将在其执政初期实现,并承诺通过推翻奥巴马的监管成就来“启...
...一条不可动摇的原则: "Net neutrality has been hugely critical to the way Internet has developed. The Internet has been a level playing field and I don't think we would be here today and have a strong, free and open Internet without net neutrality. We'...