关键区别-荨麻疹与血管性水肿

荨麻疹和血管性水肿的关键区别在于荨麻疹或荨麻疹是大的、隆起的、淡红色的斑块，由于皮肤血管中的组胺释放而出现在皮肤上，通常由过敏引起，而血管性水肿是由于补体不足而引起的严重过敏反应引起的口腔和上呼吸道肿胀。有时荨麻疹和血管性水肿可以同时发生在同一个人身上。

什么是荨麻疹(urticaria)？

Urticaria, hives, and wheals refer to the same dermatological manifestation. These are characteristic multiple, large, slightly raised, pale red patches occurring on the skin as a result of skin edema. These are caused by histamine release from the dermal vasculature or skin blood vessels. The commonest cause of this reaction is exposure to an allergen. Pressure, ultraviolet radiation, etc. can also cause urticaria. Usually, they occur very rapidly after the exposure to the causative agent. However, there is a subgroup called chronic urticaria, which occur slowly and has a slightly different pathogenesis. Urticaria is very uncomfortable due to intense itching. Treatment is by removal of the causative agent, antihistamines and steroids. Urticaria responds very well to the treatment. However, they can recur if the person is exposed to the same allergen again. Some people are more prone to get urticarial reaction due to genetic determinants.

什么是血管性水肿(angioedema)？

Angioedema is a serious allergic reaction which can result in death due to upper airway obstruction. They are usually characterized by inspiratory sound or stridor. Stridor is a sign of imminent airway obstruction. Angioedema refers to the swelling around the mouth and the upper airway including larynx. People with C1 esterase deficiency are prone to get angioedema after exposure to allergens. C1 esterase deficiency is a type of complement deficiency. Compliments are protein involved in allergic reacti***. Antihypertensive medicine Losartan is also known to cause this type of reaction. If a person is suspected with angioedema, it is important to protect the airway with endotracheal intubation where a silicon tube is entered into the airway through the larynx to maintain the patency of the airway. They need other supportive treatment such as steroids and antihistamines to control the reaction. Especially, children can die due to sudden airway obstruction caused by this type of reacti***. These patients should be handled very carefully as further manipulation by inexperienced people can lead to fatal airway obstructi***. The patient should be patiently calmed down first. It is necessary to seek immediate medical attention if a person is suspected with angioedema. Angioedema is usually familial and runs in families. So it is important to be aware of this type of reacti*** if there is a strong family history.

荨麻疹(urticaria)和血管性水肿(angioedema)的区别

荨麻疹和血管性水肿的定义：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹是发生多发、大面积、微隆起、淡红色斑块引起的过敏反应。

血管性水肿：真皮、皮下组织、粘膜和粘膜下组织迅速肿胀。

荨麻疹和血管性水肿的特征：

地点：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹发生在皮肤上。

血管性水肿：血管性水肿发生在口腔和上呼吸道周围。

严重程度：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹没有生命危险。

血管性水肿：血管性水肿危及生命。

原因：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹发生由于组胺介导的反应。

血管性水肿：血管性水肿是由于C1酯酶缺乏引起的。

治疗：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹是治疗与抗组胺和类固醇。

血管性水肿：血管性水肿需要气管插管来保护上呼吸道，并辅以其他支持性治疗。

家族史：

荨麻疹：荨麻疹可以发生在任何人。