關鍵區別-蕁麻疹與血管性水腫

蕁麻疹和血管性水腫的關鍵區別在於蕁麻疹或蕁麻疹是大的、隆起的、淡紅色的斑塊，由於皮膚血管中的組胺釋放而出現在皮膚上，通常由過敏引起，而血管性水腫是由於補體不足而引起的嚴重過敏反應引起的口腔和上呼吸道腫脹。有時蕁麻疹和血管性水腫可以同時發生在同一個人身上。

什麼是蕁麻疹(urticaria)？

Urticaria, hives, and wheals refer to the same dermatological manifestation. These are characteristic multiple, large, slightly raised, pale red patches occurring on the skin as a result of skin edema. These are caused by histamine release from the dermal vasculature or skin blood vessels. The commonest cause of this reaction is exposure to an allergen. Pressure, ultraviolet radiation, etc. can also cause urticaria. Usually, they occur very rapidly after the exposure to the causative agent. However, there is a subgroup called chronic urticaria, which occur slowly and has a slightly different pathogenesis. Urticaria is very uncomfortable due to intense itching. Treatment is by removal of the causative agent, antihistamines and steroids. Urticaria responds very well to the treatment. However, they can recur if the person is exposed to the same allergen again. Some people are more prone to get urticarial reaction due to genetic determinants.

什麼是血管性水腫(angioedema)？

Angioedema is a serious allergic reaction which can result in death due to upper airway obstruction. They are usually characterized by inspiratory sound or stridor. Stridor is a sign of imminent airway obstruction. Angioedema refers to the swelling around the mouth and the upper airway including larynx. People with C1 esterase deficiency are prone to get angioedema after exposure to allergens. C1 esterase deficiency is a type of complement deficiency. Compliments are protein involved in allergic reacti***. Antihypertensive medicine Losartan is also known to cause this type of reaction. If a person is suspected with angioedema, it is important to protect the airway with endotracheal intubation where a silicon tube is entered into the airway through the larynx to maintain the patency of the airway. They need other supportive treatment such as steroids and antihistamines to control the reaction. Especially, children can die due to sudden airway obstruction caused by this type of reacti***. These patients should be handled very carefully as further manipulation by inexperienced people can lead to fatal airway obstructi***. The patient should be patiently calmed down first. It is necessary to seek immediate medical attention if a person is suspected with angioedema. Angioedema is usually familial and runs in families. So it is important to be aware of this type of reacti*** if there is a strong family history.

蕁麻疹(urticaria)和血管性水腫(angioedema)的區別

蕁麻疹和血管性水腫的定義：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹是發生多發、大面積、微隆起、淡紅色斑塊引起的過敏反應。

血管性水腫：真皮、皮下組織、粘膜和粘膜下組織迅速腫脹。

蕁麻疹和血管性水腫的特徵：

地點：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹發生在皮膚上。

血管性水腫：血管性水腫發生在口腔和上呼吸道周圍。

嚴重程度：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹沒有生命危險。

血管性水腫：血管性水腫危及生命。

原因：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹發生由於組胺介導的反應。

血管性水腫：血管性水腫是由於C1酯酶缺乏引起的。

治療：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹是治療與抗組胺和類固醇。

血管性水腫：血管性水腫需要氣管插管來保護上呼吸道，並輔以其他支持性治療。

家族史：

蕁麻疹：蕁麻疹可以發生在任何人。