With low-power standby modes and stable operating systems, it’s easier than ever to go days (if not weeks or months) without rebooting your computer. Is it still necessary to perform a full shut down?

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问题

超级用户读者JFW想知道他是否因为没有完全关闭电脑而错过了一些重要的事情：

Nowadays with our modern operating systems, is it necessary to fully shutdown computers instead of choosing to stand-by or hibernate computers (desktops and laptops)?

Would there be any side-effects of keeping a computer running continuously without a shutdown (putting it to sleep or hibernating it when it is not used)? For example, hard drive life decrease, system internals (Processors, RAM etc.) aging faster than usual, etc?

完全关闭电脑有什么好处（如果有的话）？

答案

超级用户撰稿人大卫·扎斯拉夫斯基回应说：

From a software perspective, an operating system and the programs you run on it tend to accumulate all sorts of cruft over extended periods of use – temporary files, disk caches, page files, open file descriptors, pipes, sockets, zombie processes, memory leaks, etc. etc. etc. All that stuff can slow down the computer, but it all goes away when you shut down or restart the system. So shutting down your computer every once in a while – and I do mean actually shutting down, not just hibernating or putting it to sleep – can give it a “fresh start” of sorts and make it seem nice and zippy again.

However, different computers and OS’s are not all equally affected by this phenomenon. Generally, a computer with a lot of RAM can go for much longer than a computer with only a little RAM. A server, on which you just start up a few programs and then let them work, will be fine for much longer than a desktop computer, where you’re c***tantly opening and closing different programs and doing different things with them. Plus, server operating systems are optimized for long-term use. It’s also been said that Linux and Mac OS tend to run for longer than Windows systems, although in my experience that mostly depends on what programs you use on them, and not so much on any differences between the kernels of the operating systems themselves.

如果您想进一步阅读更多关于您的特定设置的文章，请务必查看其他关于如何极客的文章，例如：

HTG解释道：你应该关闭、睡眠还是休眠你的笔记本电脑？

让你的电脑在晚上关机（但只有在你不使用的时候）

我应该一直把笔记本电脑插上电源吗？

如何让你的电脑自动从睡眠中醒来

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