如何与老年人交谈(have a conversation with an elderly person)

与老年人交谈可能看起来很吓人,即使你通常是个健谈的人。然而,只要稍加练习和准备,你就会发现你几乎可以和老年人谈论任何事情。与老年人或其他任何人进行良好对话的关键是要记住,他们只是和你一样的人。通过寻找有趣的话题,使用有效的沟通技巧,以及对他们可能遇到的任何沟通问题保持敏感,你可以与老年人进行一次愉快的交谈。...

方法1方法1/3:找到要说的话

  1. 1.释放那个人。如果你已经认识这个人,微笑着向他们打招呼,让他们知道你很高兴见到他们。如果合适的话,给他们一个拥抱。如果你不认识对方,用友好的语气介绍自己,并与对方握手。
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  3. 2提问。如果你不知道该谈什么,可以问对方一个开放式问题。老年人通常喜欢与他人分享他们有趣的故事和记忆。如果此人是家庭成员,你可以向他们询问你家族史上的事件,或者你从未有机会了解的其他家庭成员。如果对方是陌生人,你可以询问他们的家庭情况,或者他们在你这个年龄时的生活情况。
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  5. 3.闲聊。并非你与老年人的每一次讨论都需要深入。老年人也喜欢有礼貌地闲聊。你可以利用你之前对他们的任何了解或你周围的信息来进行闲聊。例如,你可能会对你的邻居说:“我好久没见到你的孙子了。他们最后一次来是什么时候?”或者,你可能会说,“亨德森先生,你最近读过什么书?”
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  7. 4带上有趣的道具。如果你提前知道你要去拜访一位老人,考虑带些事情去做或者说。一些想法包括一本家庭相册(如果你正在拜访一位家庭成员)、老年人年轻时的音乐,或者一个你可以一起享受的自制美食。
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  9. 5.寻求建议。如果你处于一个棘手的境地,或者你在做一个重大决定时有困难,考虑和一个年纪较大的人讨论一下。老年人已经积累了很多生活经验,他们中的大多数人都乐于与他人分享他们来之不易的智慧。他们可能会因为你的邀请而受宠若惊。你可以这样说:“乔叔叔,我很难在两份工作之间做出选择。你认为赚大钱还是享受工作更重要?”
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方法2方法2/3:有效沟通

  1. 1.找一个良好的谈话环境。找个安静、平静的地方谈话,这样你和对方都不会分心或不知所措。关掉背景中的收音机或电视,这样你们就能听到对方的声音。坐在老年人可以清楚看到你的脸的地方,这样他们可以在需要的时候读你的嘴唇。
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  3. 说得很清楚。清晰地说出你的话,大声地说,让人容易听到,不要说得太快。不过,不要对对方大喊大叫,除非他们让你说得更大声。如果老人听不懂你说的话,你可能需要放慢语速或使用较短的句子。但这并不意味着你应该对老年人低声下气。
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  5. 3.提供选择。如果你给老年人提供了一些东西,或者想知道他们想做什么,给他们两到三个选择。这将给他们一种控制局面的感觉,而不会让他们有太多选择。例如,不要只是说,“你今天想去哪里?”相反,你应该说:“你更愿意去公园还是咖啡馆?”
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  7. 4.眼神交流。当老年人和你说话时,要正视他们的眼睛,即使你很难理解他们。眼神交流向对方表明你在关注他们,关心他们在说什么。
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  9. 5.给对方时间思考。在谈话中,老年人可能需要停下来寻找合适的词,恢复他们的思路,或者回忆一些事情。耐心等待他们说完。不要试图为他们完成句子或找到他们想要的单词,除非他们要求你。
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  11. 6.让对方知道你什么时候离开。如果老年人患有痴呆症或容易感到困惑,请确保他们理解你的离开。跟他们说再见,告诉他们什么时候能再见到你。给他们一个拥抱或握手是结束谈话的另一个好方法。
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方法3方法3/3:做一个敏感的沟通者

  1. 1.对沟通问题敏感。随着年龄的增长,沟通往往变得更加困难。这些困难可能源于年龄相关的疾病,如听力和视力丧失、身体残疾或痴呆或中风等神经障碍。注意与你交谈的人是否有听力障碍、记忆力问题或其他沟通障碍。调整自己的沟通方式,让他们更容易参与对话。例如,如果对方听不见你说话,靠近他们,大声说话。如果对方似乎很容易感到困惑,请使用简短的句子,并在表达观点时保持耐心。如果他们记忆力减退,避免一次问太多问题。此外,避免“为什么”的问题,这可能会让他们感到沮丧。如果可以的话,在开始与对方交谈之前,尽量提前了解对方可能存在的任何沟通问题。
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  3. 2避免使用“长者说话”当你和老年人交谈时,不要使用婴儿语、唱歌的声音或不恰当地熟悉的亲切用语。像其他成年人一样和他们交谈。如果他们没有表现出困惑的迹象,就没有必要简化你的词汇表或向他们过度解释。当其他人像孩子一样和他们说话时,许多老年人感到受到侮辱,即使这些人没有任何伤害。
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  5. 3.仔细听对方说话。给老人充分的关注,即使他们漫无目的地闲逛。通过询问与他们所说内容相关的问题,确保你理解了他们。当别人说话时,不要环顾房间或看手表,因为那样会让你看起来很无聊。例如,如果这个人提到住在另一个国家,你可以让他们告诉你更多关于他们生活的那部分。
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  7. 4记住,老年人和你一样。老年人曾经与你同龄,他们经历过与你相同的感受和许多相同的生活事件。以你期望从他人那里得到的同样尊重和礼貌对待对方,并寻找有助于彼此联系的共同点。想想你希望有一天当你上了年纪的时候人们会怎么跟你说话,并以此作为自己的指导。
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  • 发表于 2022-04-04 09:32
  • 阅读 ( 60 )
  • 分类:教育

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