什么是数据处理？(data processing?)
具体而言，数据处理是指信息处理周期中的一个离散步骤，在该步骤中，响应查询或以常规报告的形式获取、输入、验证、处理、存储和输出数据；处理是组织信息以形成所需输出的步骤。在更一般的意义上使用，数据处理也可以指记录或以其他方式处理一组或多组数据的行为，并且通常使用计算机来执行。“数据”一词通常用于表示“信息”，通常以标准格式表示大量信息。数据可以由字母、数字、方程式、日期、图像和其他材料组成，但通常不包括整个单词。
处理数据和信息
关于术语数据处理的一个关键点是，有些人使用它作为术语信息处理的同义词，而另一些人则将两者区分开来。然而，在大多数情况下，单词data用于表示输出的原始形式，而信息用于定义以某种方式组织或更改的数据。劳工统计局（BLS）在其出版物《职业展望手册》（2010-2011年版）中有一个“数据输入和信息处理工人”条目在这里，“数据”是原材料，而“信息”是经过一些处理的：两者被视为不同的，数据在信息之前。
计算数据
在计算中，数据处理可用于指使用软件应用程序组织某种类型的输入数据，以创建所需的输出。结果可能是从多媒体文件到图像或文本文件的任何内容。通常，按自己的想法输入单词并不被视为数据输入，因此使用文字处理器编写故事不符合处理数据的真实形式；然而，在电子表格程序中输入当月的收入和支出并打印报告将。
设计用于处理数据的程序非常丰富，其功能从基本到非常深入。可以轻松处理数据的程序的一个例子是Microsoft Excel®，它本质上是一个电子表格，可用于组织数据，尤其是数学方程。该程序可用于非常基本的处理，或者，如果用户熟悉该程序，也可用于更深入的输出。其他类型的处理程序包括用于组织会计数据以确定损失或收益的程序、用于预测地震的地震数据以及用于帮助企业更高效运行的业务统计数据，仅举几例。
- 发表于 2021-12-13 13:00
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