01

2006年

火山爆发

Starting about 70 million years ago, five million years before the k/t消光什么是现在是北印度。那里(now northern india. there)？

The volcanic theory of dinosaur extinction would be extremely plausible if it weren't for the five-million-year gap between the start of the Deccan trap eruptions and the end of the Cretaceous period. The best that can be said for this theory is that dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and marine reptiles may well have been adversely impacted by these eruptions, and suffered an extreme loss of genetic diversity that set them up to be toppled by the next major cataclysm, the K/T meteor impact. There's also the issue of why only dinosaurs would have been affected by the traps, but, to be fair, it's still not clear why only dinosaurs, 翼龙尤卡坦流星使海洋爬行动物灭绝。

02

2006年

传染病

The world was rife with disease-creating viruses, bacteria, and parasites during the 中生代，不亚于今天。在白垩纪末期，这些病原体与飞虫进化出共生关系，飞虫通过叮咬将各种致命疾病传播给恐龙。例如研究研究表明，保存在琥珀中的6500万年前的蚊子是疟疾的携带者。受感染的恐龙像多米诺骨牌一样倒下，那些没有立即死于流行病的恐龙数量被削弱，以至于它们被k/t流星的撞击一劳永逸地杀死。

​Even proponents of disease extinction theories admit that the final coup de grace must have been administered by the Yucatan catastrophe. Infection alone couldn't have killed all the dinosaurs, the same way that bubonic plague alone didn't kill all the world's humans 500 years ago. There's also the pesky issue of marine reptiles. Dinosaurs and pterosaurs could well have been prey for flying, biting insects, but not ocean-dwelling 沧龙，它们不受相同病媒的影响。最后，也是最能说明问题的是，所有动物都容易患上危及生命的疾病。为什么恐龙和其他中生代爬行动物比哺乳动物和鸟类更容易受到影响？

03

2006年

附近的超新星

A supernova, or exploding star, is one of the most violent events in the universe, emitting billions of times as much 辐射作为一个完整的星系。大多数超新星发生在数千万光年之外的其他星系中。在白垩纪末期，一颗离地球只有几光年远的恒星爆炸，将使地球沐浴在致命的伽马射线辐射中，并杀死所有恐龙。很难反驳这一理论，因为没有天文学证据表明这颗超新星能够存活到今天。尾迹中留下的星云早就分散在我们整个星系中了。

If a supernova did, in fact, explode only a few light years from Earth 65 million years ago, it wouldn't only have killed the dinosaurs. It would also have fried birds, mammals, fish, and pretty much all other living animals, with the possible exception of deep-sea-dwelling bacteria and invertebrates. There is no convincing scenario in which only dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and 海洋爬行动物当其他生物设法生存时，它们会屈服于伽马射线辐射。此外，爆炸的超新星会在白垩纪末的化石沉积物中留下特征性的痕迹，与k/t流星形成的铱相当。没有发现这种性质的东西。

04

2006年

坏蛋

There are actually two theories here, both of which depend on supposedly fatal weaknesses in dinosaur egg-laying and reproductive habits. The first idea is that, by the end of the Cretaceous period, various animals had evolved a taste for 恐龙蛋而且消耗的新鲜产卵比繁殖雌性所能补充的还要多。第二种理论是一种反常的基因突变导致恐龙蛋的外壳要么厚了几层（从而阻止了孵化出来的恐龙蛋），要么薄了几层（使发育中的胚胎暴露在疾病中，使它们更容易被捕食）。

Animals have been eating the eggs of other animals ever since the appearance of multicellular life over 500 million years ago. Egg-eating is a basic part of the evolutionary arms race. What's more, nature has long since taken this behavior into account. For example, the reason a 棱皮龟生100个蛋是因为只有一两只幼仔需要进入水中繁殖该物种。因此，提出任何一种机制，使世界上所有恐龙的蛋都能在它们有机会孵化之前被吃掉，这是不合理的。至于蛋壳理论，少数恐龙物种可能就是这样，但绝对没有证据表明6500万年前全球恐龙蛋壳危机。

05

2006年

重力变化

Most often embraced by 神创论者阴谋论者，这里的观点是，在中生代，重力比现在弱得多。根据这个理论，这就是为什么一些恐龙能够进化到如此巨大的体型。一只100吨重的泰坦龙在较弱的引力场中会更加灵活，这可以有效地将其重量减半。在白垩纪末期，一个神秘的事件——可能是地外干扰或地核组成的突然变化——导致我们星球的引力急剧增加，有效地将大型恐龙固定在地面，使它们灭绝。

Since this theory is not based in reality, there's not much use listing all the scientific reasons that the gravitational theory of dinosaur extinction is complete nonsense. There is absolutely no geological or astronomical evidence for a weaker gravitational field 100 million years ago. Also, the 物理定律，正如我们目前所理解的那样，不允许我们仅仅因为要使“事实”符合给定的理论而调整引力常数。晚白垩世时期的许多恐龙体型中等（不足100磅），大概不会受到一些额外重力的致命影响。

06

2006年

外星人

在白垩纪末期，聪明的外星人（他们可能已经监视地球很长一段时间了）认为恐龙运行良好，是时候让另一种动物来统治地球了。因此，ets引入了一种基因工程超级病毒，彻底改变了地球的气候，甚至，据我们所知，用一种不可思议的工程重力弹弓向尤卡坦半岛投掷了一颗流星。恐龙灭绝了，哺乳动物接管了，6500万年后，人类进化了，其中一些人真的相信这种胡说八道。

There is a long, intellectually dishonorable tradition of invoking ancient aliens to explain supposedly "unexplainable" phenomena. For example, there are still people who believe that aliens constructed the 金字塔在古埃及和复活节岛上的雕像中——因为人们认为人类太“原始”了，无法完成这些任务。有人想象，如果外星人真的策划了恐龙的灭绝，我们会在白垩纪的沉积物中找到与它们的汽水罐和零食包装纸相当的东西。在这一点上，化石记录甚至比支持这一理论的阴谋论者的头骨还要空。