什么是判决书？(a verdict?)
判决是一个法律术语，用来表示陪审团在一个法庭案件中达成了一项决定。作为一个词，"verdict "的词根是拉丁文verdictum，意思是 "说出真相"。达成有效裁决的要求因管辖区而异。在一些地方，陪审团必须一致作出决定，而在其他地区，它必须仅仅达到多数票。
大多数陪审团在正常开庭时间内进行审议。如果他们在会议结束时无法达成决定，则休庭，并在下一个会议日继续审议。然而，有时陪审团确实会在开庭时间之后进行审议。如果在休庭期间达成了决定，则将结果封存在一个信封中，并在第二天的法庭上打开。
最广为人知的裁决类型之一是在刑事法庭案件中作出的裁决。刑事案件中的陪审团会做出 "有罪 "或 "无罪 "的裁决，有时会由领班（也称为首席陪审员）大声宣读。在一些刑事法庭案件中，即在英国，陪审团不会被要求做出正式裁决。相反，它将向法庭陈述赤裸裸的事实，但会将最终决定权留给法官。
在裁决经济赔偿的问题上，有些陪审团会给出所谓的商数裁决，这发生在陪审团无法达成一致决定的时候。为了解决这个问题，每个陪审员会写下他认为合适的赔偿金额。在每个陪审团成员的金额被统计出来后，会取一个平均值，然后将这个金额交给法院。尽管这一过程有时在法庭案件中被非正式使用，但它是非法的，如果陪审团被发现，可以宣布审判无效。
在财务结算案件中，另一种可能导致无效审判的决定是折中的裁决。在陪审团不能下定决心的情况下，领班会取最高金额和最低金额的建议，并将差额分出，成为正式裁决。由于缺乏理性的商议，而且有可能对一方不公平，所以这属于陪审团的不当行为。
有时，当验尸官在突然死亡后宣布他的调查结果时，也会使用裁决这个词。在这些情况下，验尸官的裁决是他对死亡原因的裁决，如自杀、意外死亡、非法死亡或自然死亡。这一决定是正式的，对民事法庭案件或保险调查的结果可能特别重要。
- 发表于 2022-02-17 11:53
- 阅读 ( 82 )
- 分类：法律
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